Household Balance  Sheets and the Outlook for Consumption
With Canadians working, but not as  much as they would like, they  have been borrowing. Real household credit  expanded rapidly throughout  the recession, in contrast to previous downturns,  and has continued to  grow through the recovery. Canadian households have now  collectively  run a net financial deficit for 37 consecutive quarters. That is,  their  investment in housing has outstripped their total savings for over nine   straight years. In effect, households are demanding funds from the  rest of the  economy, rather than providing them, as had been the case  through the 1960s, 1970s,  1980s and 1990s.
  This cannot continue. The ratio  of Canadian household debt to  disposable income reached 146 per cent in the  first quarter of this  year, an all-time high and very close to the current  level in the  United States .  In a series of analyses over the past  year the Bank has found that  Canadian households are increasingly vulnerable to  an adverse shock and  that this vulnerability is rising more quickly than had  been  previously anticipated.  
  It is true that the strength of housing and other assets  has meant  that the net worth of Canadians remains about six times their average   disposable income compared with slightly below five times in the United  States.  However, while asset prices can rise or fall, debt endures.  Despite the  buoyancy of the housing market, the debt-to-asset ratio has  risen to its  highest level in more than 20 years. 
  In short, Canadian household  balance sheets are becoming  increasingly stretched. It is possible that  Canadians are beginning to  address some of these vulnerabilities. This would be  consistent with  recent data that indicate a slowdown in household consumption   expenditures and housing activity, amid a labour market recovery that  has been  longer on jobs than on hours or incomes.